PhD Studentship: Environmental fate of novel biopesticides for sustainable agriculture

This project is fully funded and the successful candidate will receive a tax free stipend set at the UKRI rate (£18,622 for 2023/24). Tuition fees will also be paid. Project overview Sustainable agriculture will play a critical role in addressing the twin global challenges of feeding a growing population whilst simultaneously reducing the impact of farming on ecosystem health. Biopesticides offer a promising solution to maintain crop protection without the environmental damage associated with our current reliance on synthetic pesticides. The aim of this project is to understand the key geochemical controls over the Environmental fate of novel RNA-based pesticides in agricultural systems. Project description Biopesticides are emerging as a promising tool in the drive towards sustainable agriculture, with the potential to improve crop yields while minimizing the environmental impact associated with current synthetic pesticide use. An important class of biopesticide moving to market is based on RNA interference (RNAi) technology that involves the application of double-stranded (ds)RNA that, once digested, directs the degradation of messenger RNA, leading to gene silencing of the target pest. However, the commercialization of RNAi-based pesticides has been hindered by slow regulatory approval and concerns about efficacy. Both these challenges center on a limited understanding of dsRNA stability and fate in the environment. If dsRNA degrades too quickly, it may have limited efficacy, whereas prolonged persistence of dsRNA pesticides could lead to adverse effects on the local ecosystem or facilitate transportation of the pesticide to secondary ecosystems. This project will explore geochemical controls on the stability of representative RNA compounds in agriculturally relevant conditions, providing essential data for the development of environmental risk assessments, a critical component for the safe and successful application of these novel biopesticides. Objectives Perform batch experiments to elucidate interactions between a range of representative RNA compounds and common soil (in)organic phases, such as Fe-Al-based minerals and organic matter. Use a range of analytical techniques, including state-of-the-art electron microscopy, nucleic acid analysis, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) available in the world-class Williamson Research Centre (https://www.ees.manchester.ac.uk/wrc/) and through our links with the Diamond Light Source, to develop a mechanistic understanding of geochemical processes that enhance or inhibit RNA degradation. Apply knowledge gained from these model systems to investigate the fate of RNA-based pesticides in environmental samples reflective of key agricultural soil systems. Suggested skills needed This project is open to a range of candidates with backgrounds relevant to environmental geochemistry or molecular biology. Some experience of one of the following would be advantageous: mineralogy, geochemistry or nucleic acid analysis, however full training will be given.  Training provided We will deliver extensive training in mineral synthesis, quantitative laboratory measurements/characterization techniques and state-of-the-art fundamental analysis (e.g. X-ray absorption spectroscopy, electron microscopy, nucleic acid analysis). More widely, the researcher will gain extensive training in project planning, communication, networking and outreach which will be augmented by their interaction with the Manchester Doctoral College. Contact the supervisors richard.kimber@manchester.ac.uk and vicky.coker@manchester.ac.uk) to discuss your interest in the project – this is an essential step so that you can ask questions and find out more about the supervisory team before you apply.